492 Parker Hannifin Corporation Fluid Control Solutions Europe General Catalogue FCSE/0112/UK V2.2 07/2022 TECHNICAL INFORMATION ABOUT SOLENOID VALVES General Information Solenoid valves are electro-mechanical devices used for interrupting or diverting the flow of fluids by opening or closing one or more orifices. The solenoid valve is a combination of three basic components: 1. An electromagnet consisting of a solenoid (windings) and a magnetic yoke. 2. A pilot with a moveable plunger (which, in some cases directly opens and closes the valve). 3. A valve body with an orifice opened or closed by plunger or diaphragm to enable or prevent flow of the medium. Operating principles The term solenoid refers to operator and coil, also known as pilot or magnetic actuator. The coil consists of copper wire wound on a support reel. When electric current is applied into the coil, magnetic flow lines are generated which are stronger in the coil center. This magnetic flow raises the moveable plunger in the coil until it brings it into contact with the pole piece. The valve body has an orifice through which the fluid flows when the valve is open. The moveable plunger has an integral seat which when the solenoid coil is energised, moves off the valve (direct operated) orifice or diaphragm (pilot operated) orifice opening the valve. When the coil is de-energised, a return spring brings the plunger back to the original closing position, thus cutting off the flow of the fluid. 1. Solenoid 2. Pilot 3. Valve body TECHNICAL INFORMATION
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